Russian Manufacturing Revisited: Industrial Enterprises at the Start of the Crisis

The paper is based on the findings of a major project by the Higher School of Economics Institute for Industrial and Market Studies (IIMS) to monitor competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises. The study focuses on the drivers and dynamics of business competitiveness, including changes in firms’ behavior during the period before the crisis (2005-2008). The primary issue was to find out what firms and to what extent succeeded in capitalizing on the strong economic growth before the crisis to catch up with their competitors and gain a sustainable competitive position in the market. What was driving output increases and enhanced production efficiency? What were the impediments to this process

THE PREDICTORS OF HOSPITALIZATION IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

Summary. The aim of the present research was to identify predictors of hospitalization hemodialysis (HD) patients. Materials and methods. The study involved 186 HD patients (49,38±0,94 у.) between Jan 2013 and Jan 2014. We studied the evolution of laboratory and treatment parameters, including dry body-weight, ultrafiltration, mean blood pressure, plasma albumin, Hb, absolute lymphocyte count, absolute neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, “hemoglobin variability ” all patients. The HD patients were divided for 2 groups: I group of outpatients (n=103), II group of hospitalized patients (n=83). Data from 83 hospitalized patients were compared with non-hospitalized patients. Laboratory and treatment parameters were assessed at least 3 months prior to admission. Results. We found that hospitalization was 45,29±4,20 days, frequency of hospitalization 1,46±0,07. The likelihood of frequency and duration a hospitalization increased with patient age (p<0,05). Hospitalizations were preceded by a decrease level albumin, a decline in Hb concentration, a decrease absolute lymphocyte count, increase in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, a reduction ultrafiltration. The hozpitalization of patients with “stable hemoglobin ” was significantly lower than in patients with “low of hemoglobin variability”(p<0,005). Conclusions. Patients whose noted these parameters should be monitored, thus, it may be useful to identify risk factors for hospitalization

Blood vitamins status in patients with stages 2-5 chronic kidney disease

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are prone to development hypovitaminosis due to dietary constraints, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, comorbid conditions, etc. Determination of vitamins level in patients with CKD will allow timely correction of their deficiency, prevent the development of hypervitaminosis and reduce oxidative stress. The purpose of the study was to examine the level of vitamins depending on the stage of CKD. Methods. Vitamin D levels (level 25-hydroxyvitamin D), A, E, B12, K, folic acid were determined in 44patients with CKD stages II-V(mean age 54,63 ± 2,63 years, 24 men 55%). According to the study, patients should not have received any drugs or biologically active additives containing vitamins for 3 months. Results. There was no significant difference in the level of studied vitamins in CKD st. II-III. There was a significant decrease in the levels of vitamin K, folic acid, and vitamin D levels with the progression of CKD. Vitamin A levels in CKD st. IV, V compared to CKD st. II were significantly higher. Considering large number drugs containing vitamins and trace elements and wide uncontrolled use in the population, in particular in patients with CKD, it is important to continue to study the levels of vitamins and trace elements in patients at different stages of the CKD, depending on the CKD nosology. Study of efficiency and safety applying vitamins in patients with CKD, particularly in the late stages of CKD, are appropriate. Conclusions. For patients with CKD characteristic of vitamins deficiency (in our study vitamin K, folic acid), but also an increase in their levels (vitamins A and E). Progression of CKD is accompanied by a change in the levels of vitamins. A significant decrease in the level of vitamin K, folic acid, vitamin D was notedfor patients with GFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m2

Організаційно-правовий аспект становлення та розвитку адміністративних судів у незалежній Україні

Гончар Л. Я. Організаційно-правовий аспект становлення та розвитку адміністративних судів у незалежній Україні / Л. Я. Гончар // Актуальні проблеми держави і права : зб. наук. пр. / редкол.: В. В. Завальнюк (голов. ред.) [та ін.] ; відп. за вип. М. В. Афанасьєва. – Одеса : Видавничий дім "Гельветика", 2016. – Вип. 77. – С. 75-81.У статті на основі аналізу наукових поглядів вчених та законодавства України досліджено, яким чином відбувався розвиток адміністративних судів у незалежній Україні. Доведено, що розвиток адміністративних судів в Україні після здобуття нею незалежності відбувався протягом декількох історичних етапів. Наголошено, що сьогодні не можна стверджувати, що реформування судової влади, системи судоустрою, у тому числі розвиток адміністративних судів, завершено, адже Україні доведеться зробити ще багато кроків на шляху формування правової та демократичної держави.Организационно-правовой аспект становления и развития административных судов в независимой Украине. В статье на основе анализа научных взглядов ученых и законодательства Украины исследовано, каким образом происходило развитие административных судов в независимой Украине. Доказано, что развитие административных судов в Украине после обретения ею независимости происходило в течение нескольких исторических этапов. Отмечено, что сегодня нельзя утверждать, что реформирование судебной власти, системы судоустройства, в том числе развитие административных судов, завершено, ведь Украине придется сделать еще много шагов на пути формирования правового и демократического государства.Organizational and legal aspects of formation and development of administrative courts in the independent Ukraine The article, based on an analysis of scientific views of scholars and laws of Ukraine, studied how evolved the administrative courts in independent Ukraine. It is proved that the development of administrative courts in Ukraine since independence, held over several historical stages. Emphasized today can not be said that reforming the judiciary, the judicial system, including the development of administrative courts completed because Ukraine will have to make many steps towards developing a legal and democratic state

HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

There are a small number of works that have studied heart rhythm variability parameters in patients treated with hemodialysis. Aim. To investigate the peculiarities of heart rhythm variability parameters in patients treated with hemodialysis. Methods. The observational controlled study included 55 patients treated with hemodialysis, aged 24 to 75 years, including 29 men and 26 women. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals of comparable age and sex. Heart rhythm variability parameters were investigated in all patients. Results. In the study of heart rhythm variability in patients treated with hemodialysis comparatively with the control group time parameters and most of frequency indexes were decreased. Conclusions. Our study found the diminishment of the total power of neurohumoral regulation in patients treated hemodialysis, as evidenced by the low values SDNN, rNN50, CV

HOSPITAL MORBIDITYINPATIENTS WITH CHRONICKIDNEYDISEASE STAGE UD

According to opinion of European researchers the expenses, associated with in–patient treatment, constitutes the significant part of health service expenditure in population of patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT). Only in few studies the hospitalization levels were compared for population ofpatients on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Aim. The aim of this study was analysis the hospital morbidity pattern in patients with CKD stage 5D on HD and PD. Materials and methods. It was performed the retrospective (for period 01 Jan to 31 Dec 2013) analysis of hospitalization structure and rate for patients, were treated by RRT. All hospitalization admissions were assessed in view of modality and duration of RRT, demographic/gender characteristics, and renal affection type. In 2013 the RRT treatment were provided to 351 patients, including the 296 on HD and 55 on PD. Results. Overall 173 cases of hospitalization were recorded, including 142 (82,08%) primary and 31 (17,92%) readmissions. Irrespective of RRT modality the three most common causes of hospitalization were cardiovascular diseases (CVD), bacterial infections, and anemia. 41 hospitalization was caused by RRT initiation (28 HD and 13 PD), the most of patients aged 45 years and older. The hospitalization rate in PD patients with was significantly higher than in patients on HD: 70,9±6,1% vs. 34,8±2,8%, respectively;p<0,0001. The duration of hospitalization was significantly higher by HD– than PD patients (30,09±17.21 vs. 21.82±10.56, respectively; p=0,0007).   Conclusions. During follow–up, at least one hospitalization had more than 40%patients with CKD stage 5D. In HD patients the most common causes of hospitalization were bacterial infections, CVD and anemia. Anemia, CVD and bacterial infections were the most frequent causes hospitalization in PD patients

RATING EVALUATION OFSPECIALIZED MEDICAL CARE BYTHEPATIENTSNEPHROLOGIC PROFILE OFTHE UKRAINEPROVINSE

The aim of the work was to conduct a comparative analysis of indicators of the performance of nephrological services in the regions of Ukraine by using the method of complex statistical coefficients. Materials and methods. Evaluation of the performance of the system of provision of nephrological services in the regions of Ukraine was made by studying the indicators that characterize the structure, use of health care resources, quality and efficiency of its provision submitted to National Register ofpatients with chronic kidney disease and patients with acute kidney injury (2015). Results. By using rating evaluation methodology, it was identified place of relevant region by each indicator, by each area and by all areas of provision of nephrological services in the region as a whole. Conclusions. As a result of a comprehensive study of the condition of the system of providing nephrological service in the regions, there were identified ranking places of the administrative territories

INFLUENCE OF EPOETIN ALFA ON LEVEL OF PROINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE OF PATIENTS IN MAINTENCE HEMODIALYSIS

Summary. The aim of the present research was to study the influence of еpoetin alfa to the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with anemia treated by hemodialysis (HD). Materials and methods: We examined 73patients with anemia treated by hemodialysis (mean age 45,85 ±1,21 years). Patients were divided into 2groups: I group - comparison (n = 32), II group - treatment by epoetin alfa (n = 41). The levels of hemoglobin, C-reactiveprotein, ferritin, albumin, pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined before and after treatment in patients of both groups. The duration of treatment was 5 months. Results: Epoetin alfa increases Hb levels in patients treated by HD. After epoetin alfa applying reduction of proinflammatory cytokines ( TNF -a, IL -ip, IL -17, IL -18) and increased levels of IL -10 were observed. Conclusions: The clinical efficacy of the epoetin alfa treatment at the moment of completion of treatment was 75.6% (level of Hb > 110 g/L ). Epoetin alfa, improving the level of Hb, reduces the activity of chronic inflammation

Рівень пролактину у пацієнтів з ХХН V стадії, які лікуються гемодіалізом

Розповсюдженість гіперпролатинемії у пацієнтів, які лікуються гемодіалізом (ГД), становить 30-65%. Метою нашої роботи було дослідити рівень пролактину (ПЛ) у пацієнтів з хронічною хворобою нирок (ХХН) V стадії, які лікуються ГД. Матеріали та методи. Відкрите проспективне нерандомізоване дослідження за участю 43 пацієнтів з ХХН VД стадії, які лікуються гемодіалізом. Критеріями включення пацієнтів до дослідження були: інформована згода хворого прийняти участь у дослідженні, лікування ГД понад трьох місяців, Кt/V>1,2; судинний доступ АВ-фістула. Критеріями виключення були: відмова хворого від участі у дослідженні, цироз печінки, гострі гепатити В, С, гіпотиреоз, гострий коронарний синдром, гостре порушення мозкового кровообігу, вагітність, пацієнти з злоякісними новоутвореннями; ті хто, системно отримує такі медикаменти, як трициклічні антидепресанти, інгібітори моноамінооксидази, резерпін, метилдопу, похідні фенотіазину, протиблювотні препарати (зокреама метоклопрамід), інгібітори синтезу дофаміну, нейролептики. Всім хворим проводили визначення ПЛ в сироватці крові. Результати. У хворих, які лікуються ГД констатовано підвищений рівень ПЛ у 32 (74%) пацієнтів. Рівень ПЛ сироватки крові у хворих, які лікуються ГД, був вищим порівняно з групою контролю: 47,17 ± 32,4 проти 11,76 ± 4,33нг/мл (р<0,001). Порушення місячного циклу склало 85% у групі жінок з підвищеним рівнем ПЛ проти 20% у жінок з нормальним рівнем ПЛ (р<0,05). У групах жінок та чоловіків з підвищеним рівнем ПЛ достовірно нижчий рівень Нb (р<0,05). Встановлено, що рівень ПЛ мав негативний кореляційний зв'язок з рівнем Нb(r=-0,36; p=0,02) та позитивний кореляційний звʼязок між рівнем ПЛ та СРБ (r=0,32; p=0,03). Висновки. Розповсюдженість гіперпролактинемії в нашому дослідженні склала 74%. Порушення менструального циклу зустрічалося достовірно частіше у жінок з гіперпролактинемією (85% проти 20%). Підвищення концентрації ПЛ має негативний зв'язок з рівнем Нb та позитивний зв'язок з рівнем СРП, що дозволяє припускати причетність ПЛ до процесів хронічного запалення